Conde de Saint-Germain - História e Lenda
This topic is classified in rooms: Pessoas | Títulos
Conde de Saint-Germain - História e Lenda
Apesar de todo o falatório e de toda a baboseira misticista, pagã e ocultista, há uma história de fundo interessante sobre essa personagem real que foi Saint-Germain. Era, ao menos, um possível aristocrata; mas, mesmo assim, alguém cheio de mistérios e de boa fortuna.
Saudaçõs,
Granada
________________________________________________
Conde de St. Germain
O Conde de St. Germain (Transilvânia, 28 de Maio de 1696 — Eckernförde (?), 27 de fevereiro de 1784) foi uma das figuras mais misteriosas do século XVIII. Tido como místico, alquimista, ourives, lapidador de diamantes, cortesão, aventureiro, cientista, músico e compositor. Após a data de sua morte (de precisão incerta), várias organizações místicas o adotaram como figura modelo. Segundo relatos antigos, era imortal e possuía o elixir da juventude e a pedra filosofal.
Vida
O fato de nunca ter revelado sua verdadeira identidade levou a muitas especulações a respeito de sua origem. Uma das mais plausíveis aponta que o conde seria filho de Francis II Rákóczi, o príncipe da Transilvânia que, na época, estava exilado, ou que seria filho ilegítimo de Marie-Ann de Neubourg, viúva de Carlos II da Espanha, com um certo conde Adanero, que ela conhecera em Bayonne, no sudoeste de França.
O Conde de St. Germain estudou na Itália, possivelmente como protegido do Grão-Duque Gian Gastone (o último descendente dos Médici). As primeiras aparições do Conde de St. Germain deram-se em 1743, em Londres, e em 1745, em Edimburgo, onde ele foi aparentemente preso, acusado de espionagem. Solto, logo adquiriu a fama de ser um virtuose no violino. Tinha hábitos ascéticos e celibatários. Durante esse tempo, conheceu Jean-Jacques Rousseau, que declarou ser a pessoa do Conde "a mais fascinante e enigmática personalidade que já conhecera". Desapareceu subitamente em 1746. Horace Walpole, que conheceu St. Germain em Londres, em 1745, o descreveu: "Ele canta, toca o violino maravilhosamente, compõe, mas é louco e falta-lhe sensibilidade".
Reapareceu em Versalhes, no ano de 1758. Dizia-se ourives e lapidador, bem como trabalhava com tingimentos de tecidos que nunca desbotavam, por terem uma fórmula secreta. Hospedou-se em Chambord, sob a proteção do rei Luís XV, de quem havia angariado a confiança, e também de sua amante, Madame de Pompadour. Nessa época, distribuiu diamantes como presentes, entre a corte, e ganhou a reputação de ter séculos de idade. Nos salões da corte, um mímico, denominado Gower, começou a imitar os maneirismos do Conde, dizendo ter conhecido Jesus Cristo. Em 1760, ele deixou a França, indo para a Inglaterra, cujo Ministro de Estado, duque de Choiseul, tentou prendê-lo.
Depois desses fatos, esteve nos Países Baixos e em São Petersburgo, na Rússia, quando o exército russo colocou Catarina, a Grande no trono. Mais tarde, a destituição do imperador com a substituição por Catarina seria atribuída a uma conspiração do Conde.
No ano seguinte, foi para a Bélgica, onde comprou terras com o nome de Conde de Surmount. Tentou oferecer sua técnica de tratamento de madeira e couro ao Estado. Durante as negociações, que resultaram em nada, na presença do primeiro-ministro Karl Cobenzl, ele transformou ferro em algo com a aparência do ouro. Depois desapareceu por onze anos, para reaparecer em 1774, na Baviera, sob o nome de Conde Tsarogy.
Em 1776 o conde ainda se encontrava na Alemanha com o título de Conde Welldone, ainda oferecendo receitas de cosméticos, vinhos, licores e vários elixires. Impressionou os emissários do rei Frederico com sua capacidade de transmutação de simples metais em ouro. Para Frederico, ele se apresentou como maçom.
Posteriormente, o Conde de St. Germain estabeleceu-se na residência do príncipe Karl de Hesse-Kassel, governador de Schleswig-Holstein, e lá pesquisou a fitoterapia, elaborando remédios para dar aos pobres. Para o príncipe, ele se apresentou como Francis Rákóczi II, príncipe da Transilvânia.
Consta que ele faleceu em 1784, deixando muito pouca coisa para trás. Contudo, existem rumores de que St. Germain teria sido visto em 1835, em Paris, e em 1867, em Milão e no Egito, durante a campanha de Napoleão. Napoleão II mantinha um dossiê sobre ele.
Annie Besant, uma teosofista, disse ter conhecido o conde em 1896. Outro teosofista, C. W. Leadbeater, disse tê-lo encontrado em Roma, em 1926.
A lenda
Dizem que certa vez, o Conde de St. Germain assombrou a corte do rei Luís XV, quando o rei reclamou para si possuir um diamante de tamanho médio que, por ter um pequeno defeito, valia apenas seis mil libras e que, se tal falha não existisse, valeria pelo menos o dobro. St. Germain solicitou a pedra e, após um mês, devolveu-a ao joalheiro real, com o mesmo peso, sem que apresentasse a mínima anomalia.
Vários relatos afirmam ter o Conde uma imagem imutável, pois sempre aparentava ter por volta de 45 anos. Madame d'Adhemar, biógrafa e dama da corte de Maria Antonieta, conheceu St. Germain, em Paris, perto de 1760 e relata, em suas memórias, datadas de 12 de maio de 1821, que havia reencontrado o Conde de St. Germain na vigília da morte do Duque de Berri, em 1815, ou seja, 55 anos após, e que incrivelmente, ele aparentava os 45 anos de sempre, não havia envelhecido. Segundo as memórias de Giacomo Casanova, o músico Rameau e Madame de Gergy juraram ter conhecido o Conde de St. Germain em Veneza, em 1710, usando o nome de Marquês de Montferrat, e tê-lo reencontrado com a imutável aparência, em 1775 (se verdade, destruiria as hipóteses de o Conde ser filho do príncipe Francis II Rákóczi ou da Madame de Neubourg).
Homem de personalidade hipnótica, frequentava a corte ocasionalmente e se tornava o centro das atenções em qualquer reunião mas, estranhamente, nunca ninguém o viu comer ou beber o que quer que seja publicamente. A origem de sua renda também é um enigma, pois era um homem rico, detentor de várias pedras preciosas, incluindo diamantes, que gostava de presentear, uma opala, de tamanho monstruoso, e uma safira branca, tão grande quanto um ovo, e de fartura em ouro, sem que se soubesse de onde procediam. Tinha a fama de possuir o elixir da juventude e a pedra filosofal. Conta-se que ele era capaz de produzir diamantes a partir de pedras pequenas comuns. Os diamantes que decoravam seus sapatos valiam a soma considerável de duzentos mil francos. Madame du Hausset relata que, certa vez, estava na presença do Conde e da rainha Maria Antonieta enquanto ele mostrava algumas jóias a ambas; Madame du Hausset comentou brevemente sobre a beleza de uma cruz, decorada com pedras brancas e verdes; no mesmo momento, o Conde quis presenteá-la com a jóia, o que foi recusado. Por insistência da rainha, que achava ser o artefato falso, ela aceitou. Depois de algum tempo Madame du Hausset solicitou ao joalheiro real que avaliasse a cruz, constatando ser ela verdadeira e de valor inestimável.
"Um homem que sabe tudo e que nunca morre" disse Voltaire a respeito do Conde de St. Germain. Assim era visto o Conde na época, já que frustara várias tentativas, por parte de inúmeras pessoas, em desvendar os verdadeiros fatos sobre a sua origem. Rumores afirmam que o Conde Cagliostro era seu discípulo. O Conde também tinha o hábito de aparecer subitamente em uma roda social e depois sumir por vários anos, sem deixar traços. A última menção ao Conde, feita por antigos cortesãos da corte de Luís XVI, foi em 1822, ocasião em que ele seguiu viagem para a Índia.
Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.
Direct link:
Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Olá,
"Um homem que sabe tudo e que nunca morre" disse Voltaire a respeito do Conde de St. Germain.
Eu traduziria " O tipo de pessoa que tudo sabe nunca morre" e faleceu aos 86 anos, personagem à volta de quem teceram uma grande história pela quantidade de rumores que se produzem sobre pessoas que pouco contam da sua vida… sobretudo quando são influentes junto aos poderosos do Mundo.
Cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Talvez tenha sido descendente do Rei de Castela Afonso X, o Rei de França o tratava de seu primo ao Senhor Saint Germain, a quem exigiu cartas para o aceitar na sua corte, um Rosa Cruz que previu a Revolução Francesa, foi Director da Escola onde estudou Júlio Verne, Saint Germain tinha uma grande colecção de quadros flamengos e espanhóis e desconhece-se donde provinham os seus valiosos diamantes nem tão-pouco de onde provinham as suas rendas, podia ter sido o "Banqueiro de Madrid", era um excelente musico e conhecia os princípios da alquimia, morreu aos 86 anos de idade.
Tudo isto segundo Richard Khaitzine:
Le comte de Saint Germain
Conférence de Richard Khaitzine, auteur et chercheur spécialiste en Histoire et alchimie, qui lève le voile sur ses derniers travaux à propos du mystérieux comte de Saint Germain. Une plongée passionnante dans une période de l'Histoire secrète.
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x98h9w_le-comte-de-saint-germain_webcam
Le Comte de Saint-Germain
Qui fut le Comte de Saint-Germain ? Un Noble Voyageur, un missionné Rose-Croix, un alchimiste, un Immortel, ainsi que le veut la légende ? Son extrême longévité, pour l'époque, n'a pas peu contribué à entretenir cette vision populaire d'un personnage hors du commun. Pour les historiens, il fut, selon leur sensibilité, un diplomate ou un espion au service de la France, un beau parleur, un escroc ou un charlatan. La vérité est nettement moins tranchée.
Les documents, dont nous disposons, prouvent de manière irréfutable que ce Comte ne fut pas un comte pour rire. Il vécut un temps dans l'intimité du roi Louis XV lequel, d'un naturel sceptique et méfiant, n'accordait pas facilement sa confiance. Le rusé monarque appelait Monsieur de Saint-Germain « Mon cousin », ce qui tendrait à prouver qu'il considérait son hôte comme appartenant à l'une des meilleures familles européennes.
Démêlant le vrai du faux, faisant table rase des affabulations occultistes, Richard Khaitzine, au terme d'une enquête historique fouillée, nous livre l'identité réelle de l'homme le plus énigmatique du XVIIIe siècle qui, s'il y perd un peu de son aura mystérieuse, s'avère avoir été une figure attachante du passé, un érudit et un humaniste, l'un de ces êtres d'exception qui n'existent plus, parce qu'ils résultèrent d'une société à jamais révolue.
ISBN :978-2-917803-01-1 (EDITION. DIFFUSION)
Direct link:
RE: Conde de Saint-Germain - História e Lenda
Caro Conde
Pequeno defeito?
Ainda chamam Sancy ao Diamante oval, que fazia e ainda faz, lembrar as Cinco Quinas de Portugal, e que pertenceu a Cristóvão Colombo?
Jaime I, tal como Cristóvão Colombo, também o usou como Pregador no Chapéu.
Eu no caso da França, tomava cuidado.
É que Diamante significa Invencível, e diz-se que nunca deve ser retirado daquele para quem foi criado.
Melhores Cumprimentos
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
E quem foi Cristhian Rosenkreuz?
E quem foi Cristovão Colombo?
E porque usava Cristóvão Colombo, o Diamante Oval de Dom Pedro de Coimbra?
E porque usava Dom António I, o Diamante Oval de Cristóvão Colombo?
XRO Ferens.
A Rosa e a Cruz.
Será que as Cátedras Polícamente subsidiadas, já perceberam o significado da Rosa e da Cruz?
Ou estão convencidos que não existem?
Confesso que me diverte, pensar que haja quem duvide.
Mas convenhamos, que os incrédulos estão de acordo com estes tempos....
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Cara Airmid,
Eu não duvido.
Sou "quase" do tipo "credo quia absurdum."
Sobre as pedras e seus enigmas, tenho um exemplo familiar. Minha avó paterna tinha um colar de opalas que pertencera à sua avó e hoje pertence à uma das minhas tias, cuja pedra do medalhão central escureceu, há quase 100 anos, poucos dias após o falecimento de minha trisavó. Estranho, não?
Segundo os entendidos, alquimia e mineralogia sempre andaram de mãos dadas. A transformação de substâncias ainda é curiosa e continua a despertar atenções pelo mundo. Já ouviu falar dos célebres dentes de ouro? Fenômenos religiosos entre fiéis católicos e seitas protestantes em várias partes do mundo afirmam terem tido alguns dos seus dentes, em certos cultos, transformados em ouro...
Não conheço essas histórias referentes a Colombo, D. Antônio I e Pedro de Coimbra... Poderia, por favor, me explicar? Deixou-me curioso.
Cordiais saudações
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
A Man Beyond His Time
Many average, reasonable men can conceive wisdom only under the boring form of a sermon and think of the sage only in the semblance of a clergyman. For such men prudery, hypocrisy, and the most abject enslavement to ritual habit and prejudice must be the everyday virtues. When therefore it happens that a genuine sage, by way of amusing himself, mystifies his contemporaries, follows a woman, or lightheartedly raises his glass, he is condemned eternally by the army of short-sighted people whose judgment forms posterity.
That is what happened in the case of the Comte de Saint-Germain. He had a love of jewels in an extreme form, and he ostentatiously showed off those he possessed. He kept a great quantity of them in a casket, which he carried about everywhere with him. The importance he attached to jewels was so great that in the pictures painted by him, which were in themselves remarkable, the figures were covered with jewels; and his colors were so vivid and strange that faces looked pale and insignificant by contrast. Jewels cast their reflection on him and threw a distorting light on the whole of his life.
His contemporaries did not forgive him this weakness. Nor did they forgive him for keeping for an entire century the physical appearance of a man of between forty and fifty years old. Apparently a man cannot be taken seriously if he does not conform strictly to the laws of nature, and he was called a charlatan because he possessed a secret which allowed him to prolong his life beyond known human limits.
His Lifestyle
Saint-Germain seems also to have been free personally from the solemnity in which men of religion and philosophers wrap themselves. He enjoyed and sought the company of the pretty women of his day. Though he never ate any food in public, he liked dining out because of the people he met and the conversation he heard. He was an aristocrat who lived with princes and even with kings almost on a footing of an equal. He gave recipes for removing wrinkles and dyeing hair. He had an immense stock of amusing stories with which he regaled society. It appears from the memoirs of Baron von Gleichen that when Saint-Germain was in Paris he became the lover of Mademoiselle Lambert, daughter of the Chevalier Lambert, who lived in the house in which he lodged. And it appears from Grosley's memoirs that in Holland he became the lover of a woman as rich and mysterious as himself.
At first sight all this is incompatible with the high mission with which he was invested, with the part he played in the Hermetic societies of Germany and France. But the contradiction is perhaps only apparent. His outward appearance of a man of the world was necessary in the first place for the purposes of the secret diplomacy in which Louis XV often employed him. Moreover, we often have an erroneous conception of the activities of a master. The possession of an "opal of monstrous size, of a white sapphire as big as an egg, of the treasures of Aladdin's lamp," is a harmless pleasure if these treasures have been inherited or have been made through the help of miraculous knowledge. It is no great eccentricity in a man to pull down his cuffs in order to show the sparkle of the rubies in his links. And if Mademoiselle Lambert had the ideas of her time on the subject of gallantry, the Comte de Saint-Germain can hardly be reproached for lingering one night in her room in order to open in her presence the mysterious jewelcasket and invite her to choose one of those diamonds that were the admiration of Madam de Pompadour.
For pleasure in life drags a man down only when it is carried to excess. It may be that there exists a way by which a man may attain the highest spirituality and yet keep this pleasure. Moreover, on a certain plane, the chain of the senses no longer exists and kisses cease to burn; a man can no longer harm either himself or others by virtue of the power that the transformation has wrought in him.
A Man Who Never Dies
"A man who knows everything and who never dies," said Voltaire of the Comte de Saint-Germain. He might have added that he was a man whose origin was unknown and who disappeared without leaving a trace. In vain his contemporaries tried to penetrate the mystery, and in vain the chiefs of police and the ministers of the various countries whose inhabitants he puzzled, flattered themselves that they had solved the riddle of his birth.
Louis XV must have known who he was, for he extended to him a friendship that aroused the jealousy of his court. He allotted him rooms in the Chateau of Chambord. He shut himself up with Saint-Germain and Madam de Pompadour for whole evenings; and the pleasure he derived from his conversation and the admiration he no doubt felt for the range of his knowledge cannot explain the consideration, almost the deference, he had for him. Madam du Housset says in her memoirs that the king spoke of Saint-Germain as a personage of illustrious birth. Count Charles of Hesse Cassel, with whom he lived during the last years in which history is able to follow his career, must also have possessed the secret of his birth. He worked at alchemy with him, and Saint-Germain treated him as an equal. It was to him that Saint-Germain entrusted his papers just before his supposed death in 1784. However, neither Louis XV nor the Count of Hesse Cassel ever revealed anything about the birth of Saint-Germain. The count even went so far as invariably to withhold the smallest detail bearing on the life of his mysterious friend. This is a very remarkable fact, since Saint-Germain was an extremely well known figure.
In those days, when the aristocracy immersed itself in the occult sciences, secret societies and magic, this man, who was said to possess the elixir of life and to be able to make gold at will, was the subject of interminable talk. An inner force that is irresistibly strong compels men to talk. It makes no difference whether a man is a king or a count; all alike are subject to this force, and increasingly subject to it in proportion as they spend their time with women. For Louis XV and the count to have held out against the curiosity of beloved mistresses we must presume in them either a strength of mind that they certainly did not possess or else some imperious motive which we cannot determine.
His Origins
The commonest hypothesis about his birth is that Saint-Germain was the natural son of the widow of Charles II of Spain and a certain Comte (Count) Adanero, whom she knew at Bayonne. This Spanish queen was Marie de Neubourg, whom Victor Hugo took as the heroine of his Ruy Blas. Those who disliked Saint-Germain said that he was the son of a Portuguese Jew named Aymar, while those who hated him said, in the effort to add to his discredit, that he was the son of an Alsatian Jew named Wolff. Fairly recently a new genealogy of Saint-Germain has been put forward, which seems the most probable of all. It is the work of the theosophists and Annie Besant, who has frequently made the statement that the Comte de Saint-Germain was one of the sons of Francis Racoczi II, Prince of Transylvania. The children of Francis Racoczi were brought up by the Emperor of Austria, but one of them was withdrawn from his guardianship. The story was put about that he was dead, but actually he was given into the charge of the last descendant of the Medici family, who brought him up in Italy. He took the name of Saint-Germain from the little town of San Germano, where he had spent some years during his childhood and where his father had estates. This would give an air of probability to the memories of southern lands and sunny palaces which Saint-Germain liked to call up as the setting of his childhood. And it would help to account for the consideration that Louis XV showed him. The impenetrable silence kept by him and by those to whom he entrusted his secret would in this event be due to fear of the Emperor of Austria and possible vengeance on his part. The belief that Saint-Germain and the descendant of the Racoczis are one and the same is firmly held by many people, who regard him as a genuine adept and even think he may still be living.
The Comte de Saint-Germain was a man "of middle height, strongly built, and dressed with superb simplicity." He spoke with an entire lack of ceremony to the most highly placed personages and was fully conscious of his superiority. Said Gleichen of the first time he met Saint-Germain: "He threw down his hat and sword, sat down in an armchair near the fire and interrupted the conversation by saying to the man who was speaking: 'You do not know what you are saying! I am the only person who is competent to speak on this subject, and I have exhausted it. It was the same with music, which I gave up when I found I had no more to learn.'"
Indeed, many people who heard him play the violin said of him that he equaled or even surpassed the greatest virtuosos of the period, and he seems to have justified his remark that he had reached the extreme limit possible in the art of music.
Saint-Germain was also an accomplished artist. One day he took Gleichen to his house and said to him: " I am pleased with you, and you have earned my showing you a few paintings of mine." "And he very effectively kept his word," said Gleichen, "for the paintings he showed me all bore a stamp of singularity or perfection which made them more interesting than many works of art of the highest order."
However, he seems not to have excelled as a poet. There survive of his an indifferent sonnet and a letter addressed to Marie Antoinette (quoted by the Comtesse d'Adhemar) that contains predictions in doggerel verse. At the request of Madam de Pompadour he also wrote a rather poor outline of a comedy.
The Alchemist
By far the greatest obvious talents of the Comte de Saint-Germain were connected with his knowledge of alchemy. Yet if Saint-Germain he knew how to make gold, he was wise enough to say nothing about it. Nothing but the possession of this secret could perhaps account for the enormous wealth at his command, though he was not known to have money on deposit at any banker's. What he does seem to have admitted, at least ambiguously, is that he could make a big diamond out of several small stones. The diamonds that he wore in his shoes and garters were believed to be worth more than 200,000 francs. He asserted also that he could increase the size of pearls at will, and some of the pearls in his possession certainly were of astonishing size.
If all that he said on this subject was mere bragging, it was expensive, for he supported it by magnificent gifts. Madam du Hausset tells us that one day when he was showing the queen some jewels in her presence, she commented on the beauty of a cross of white and green stones. Saint-Germain nonchalantly made her a present of it. Madam du Hausset refused, but the queen, thinking the stones were false, signed to her that she might accept. Madam du Hausset subsequently had the stones valued, and they turned out to be genuine and extremely valuable.
His Amazing Youthfulness
But the feature in Saint-Germain's personage that is hardest to believe is his astounding longevity. The musician Rameau and Madam de Gergy (with the latter of whom, according to the memoirs of Casanova, he was still dining about 1775) both assert that they met him at Venice in 1710, under the name of the Marquis de Montferrat. Both of them agree that he then had the appearance of a man of between forty and fifty years old. If their recollection is accurate this evidence destroys the hypotheses according to which Saint-Germain was the son of Marie de Neubourg or the son of Francis Racoczi II, for if he had been, he would not have been more than about twenty in 1710. Later, Madam de Gergy told Madam de Pompadour that she had received from Saint-Germain at Venice an elixir that enabled her to preserve, for a long time and without the smallest change, the appearance of a woman of twenty-five. A gift as precious as this could not be forgotten! It is also true, however, that Saint-Germain, when questioned by Madam de Pompadour on the subject of his meeting with Madam de Gergy fifty years earlier and of the marvelous elixir he was supposed to have given to her, replied with a smile: "It is not impossible; but I confess it is likely that this lady, for whom I have the greatest respect, is talking nonsense.
We can compare with this the offer he made to Mademoiselle de Genlis when she was a child: "When you are seventeen or eighteen will you be happy to remain at that age, at least for a great many years?' She answered that she should indeed be charmed. "Very well," he said very gravely; "I promise you that you shall." And he at once spoke of something else.
The period of his great celebrity in Paris extended from 1750 to 1760. Everyone agreed then that, in appearance, he was a man of between forty and fifty. He disappeared for fifteen years, and when the Comtesse d'Adhemar saw him again in 1775, she declared that she found him younger than ever. And when she saw him again twelve years later he still looked the same. While he deliberately allowed his hearers to believe that his life had lasted inconceivably long, he never actually said so. He proceeded by veiled allusions.
"He diluted the strength of the marvelous in his stories," said his friend Gleichen, "according to the receptivity of his hearer. When he was telling a fool some event of the time of Charles V, he informed him quite crudely that he had been present. But when he spoke to somebody less credulous, he contented himself with describing the smallest circumstances, the faces and gestures of the speakers, the room and the part of it they were in, with such vivacity and in such detail that his hearers received the impression that he had actually been present at the scene. 'These fools of Parisians,' he said to me one day, 'believe that I am five hundred years old. I confirm them in this idea because I see that it gives them much pleasure -- not that I am not infinitely older than I appear.'"
Tradition has related that he said he had known Jesus and been present at the Council of Nicea. But he did not go so far as this in his contempt for the men with whom he associated and in his derision of their credulity. This tradition originates from the fact that Lord Gower, who was a practical joker, gave imitations at his house of well-known men of his time. When he came to Saint-Germain, he imitated his manner and voice in an imaginary conversation that Saint-Germain was supposed to have had with the founder of Christianity, of whom Lord Gower made him say: "He was the best man imaginable, but romantic and thoughtless."
About 1760, an English newspaper, the London Mercury, quite seriously published the following story: "The Comte de Saint-Germain presented a lady of his acquaintance, who was concerned at growing old, with a vial of his famous elixir of long life. The lady put the vial into a drawer. One of her servants, a middle-aged woman, thought the vial contained a harmless purge and drank the contents. When the lady summoned her servant next day, there appeared before her a young girl, almost a child. It was the effect of the elixir. A few drops more and I have no doubt the servant would have answered her mistress with infantile screams!"
"Has anyone ever seen me eat or drink?" said Saint-Germain, as he was passing through Vienna, to a Herr Graeffer who offered him some Tokay. Everyone who knew him agreed in saying that though he liked sitting down to table with a numerous company, he never touched the dishes. He was fond of offering his intimate friends the recipe of a purge made of senna pods. His principal food, which he prepared himself, was a mixture of oatmeal.
But is it really so surprising that the authors of memoirs depict Saint-Germain as retaining the same physical appearance during a whole century? Human life may have a duration infinitely longer than that ordinarily attributed to it. It is the activity of our nerves, the flame of our desire, the acid of our fears, which daily consume our organism. He who succeeds in raising himself above his emotions, in suppressing in himself anger and the fear of illness, is capable of overcoming the attrition of the years and attaining an age at least double that at which men now die of old age. If the face of a man who is not tormented by his emotions should retain its youth, it would be no miracle. Not long ago a London medical periodical reported the case of a woman who at seventy-four had preserved " the features and expression of a girl of twenty, without a wrinkle or a white hair. She had become insane as the result of an unhappy love affair, and her insanity consisted in the perpetual reliving of her last separation from her lover." From her conviction that she was young she had remained young. It may be that a subjective conception of time, and the suppression of impatience and expectation, enable a highly developed man to reduce to a minimum the normal wear and tear of the body. The Comte de Saint-Germain asserted also that he had the capacity of stopping the mechanism of the human clock during sleep. He thus almost entirely stopped the physical wastage that proceeds, without our knowing it, from breathing and the beating of the heart.
His Careers
Saint-Germain's activity and the diversity of his occupations were very great. He was interested in the preparation of dyes and even started a factory in Germany for the manufacture of felt hats. But his principal role was that of a secret agent in international politics in the service of France. He became Louis XV's confidential and intimate counselor and was entrusted by him with various secret missions. This drew on him the enmity of many important men, including, notably, that of the Duke de Choiseul, the minister for foreign affairs. It was this enmity which compelled him to leave hurriedly for England in order to escape imprisonment in the Bastille.
Louis XV did not agree with his minister's policy with regard to Austria and tried to negotiate peace behind his back by using Holland as an intermediary. Saint-Germain was sent to The Hague to negotiate there with Prince Louis of Brunswick. Monsieur d'Affry, the French minister in Holland, was informed of this step, and complained bitterly to his minister for foreign affairs that France was carrying on negotiations that did not pass through his hands. The Duke de Choiseul seized his opportunity. He sent d'Affry orders demanding the extradition of Saint-Germain and have him arrested by the Dutch Government and sent to Paris. This decision was communicated to the king in the presence of his ministers in council, and Louis, not daring to admit his participation in the affair, blamed it all on his emissary. But Saint-Germain received warning just before his arrest. He had time to escape and take ship for England. The adventurer Casanova gives us some details of this escape; he happened to be in a hotel near that in which Saint-Germain was staying, and found himself mixed up in a complicated story of jewels, swindlers, duped fathers and girls madly in love with him -- a story, in fact, that was typical of the ordinary course of Saint-Germain's life.
According to Horace Walpole's letters, Saint-Germain had been arrested in London some years previously on account of his mysterious life. He had been set free because there was nothing against him. Walpole, a true Englishman, came to the conclusion that "he was not a gentleman" because he used to say with a laugh that he was taken for a spy. He was not arrested a second time in England. Not long after this, he was found in Russia, where he was to play an important but hidden part in the revolution of 1762. Count Alexis Orloff met him some years later in Italy and said of him: "Here is a man who played an important part in our revolution." Alexis' brother, Gregory Orloff, handed over to Saint-Germain of his own free will 20,000 sequins, an uncommon action, seeing that Saint-Germain had not rendered him any particular service. At that time he wore the uniform of a Russian general and called himself Soltikov.
His Prophecies
It was about this period, the beginning of the reign of Louis XVI, that Saint-Germain returned to France and saw Marie Antoinette. The Comtesse d'Adhemar has left a detailed account of the interview. It was to her that he turned to obtain access to the queen. Since his flight to England, he had not reappeared in France, but the memory of him had become a legend, and Louis XV's friendship for him was well known. It was easy, therefore, for the Comtesse d'Adhemar to arrange a meeting with Marie Antoinette, who immediately asked Saint-Germain if he was going to settle in Paris again. "A century will pass," was his reply, "before I come here again."
In the presence of the queen he spoke in a grave voice and foretold events that would take place fifteen years later. "The queen in her wisdom will weigh that which I am about to tell her in confidence. The Encyclopedist party desires power, which it will obtain only by the complete fall of the clergy. In order to bring about this result, it will upset the monarchy. The Encyclopedists, who are seeking a chief among the members of the royal family, have cast their eyes on the Duke de Chartres. The duke will become the instrument of men who will sacrifice him when he has ceased to be useful to them. He will come to the scaffold instead of to the throne. Not for long will the laws remain the protection of the good and the terror of the wicked. The wicked will seize power with bloodstained hands. They will do away with the Catholic religion, the nobility, and the magistracy."
"So that only royalty will be left," the queen interrupted impatiently.
"Not even royalty. There will be a bloodthirsty republic, whose scepter will be the executioner's knife."
It is quite plain from these words that Saint-Germain's ideas were entirely different from those ascribed to him by the majority of historical authors of this period, nearly all of whom see in him an active instrument of the revolutionary movement. His terrible and amazing predictions filled Marie Antoinette with foreboding and agitation. Saint-Germain asked to see the King, in order to make even more serious revelations, but he asked to see him without his minister, Maurepas, being told of it.
"He is my enemy," he said, "and I count him among those who will contribute to the ruin of the kingdom, not from malice but from incapacity."
The king did not possess sufficient authority to have an interview with anybody without the presence of his minister. He informed Maurepas of the interview that Saint-Germain had had with the queen, and Maurepas thought it would be wisest to imprison in the Bastille a man who had so gloomy a vision of the future.
Out of courtesy to the Comtesse d'Adhemar, Maurepas visited her in order to acquaint her with this decision. She received him in her room.
"I know the scoundrel better than you do," he said. "He will be exposed. Our police officials have a very keen scent. Only one thing surprises me. The years have not spared me, whereas the queen declares that the Comte de Saint-Germain looks like a man of forty."
At this moment the attention of both of them was distracted by the sound of a door being shut. The comtesse uttered a cry. The expression on Maurepas' face changed. Saint-Germain stood before them.
"The king has called on you to give him good counsel," he said; "and in refusing to allow me to see him you think only of maintaining your authority. You are destroying the monarchy, for I have only a limited time to give to France, and when that time has passed I shall be seen again only after three generations. I shall not be to blame when anarchy with all its horrors devastates France. You will not see these calamities, but the fact that you paved the way for them will be enough to blacken your memory."
Having uttered this in one breath, he walked to the door, shut it behind him and disappeared. All efforts to find him proved useless. The keen scent of Maurepas' police officials was not keen enough, either during the days immediately following or later. They never discovered what had happened to the Comte de Saint-Germain.
As had been foretold to him, Maurepas did not see the calamities for which he had helped to pave the way. He died in 1781. In 1784 a rumor was current in Paris that the Comte de Saint-Germain had just died in the Duchy of Schleswig, at the castle of the Count Charles of Hesse Cassel. For biographers and historians this date seems likely to remain the official date of his death. From that day forward, the mystery in which the Comte de Saint-Germain was shrouded grew deeper than ever.
His "Death"
Secluded at Eckenforn in the count's castle, Saint-Germain announced that he was tired of fife. He seemed careworn and melancholy. He said he felt feeble, but he refused to see a doctor and was tended only by women. No details exist of his death, or rather of his supposed death. No tombstone at Eckenforn bore his name. It was known that he had left all his papers and certain documents relating to Freemasonry to the Count of Hesse Cassel. The count for his part asserted that he had lost a very dear friend. But his attitude was highly equivocal. He refused to give any information about his friend or his last moments, and turned the conversation if anyone spoke of him. His whole behavior gives color to the supposition that he was the accomplice of a pretended death.
Although, on the evidence of reliable witnesses, he must have been at least a hundred years old in 1784, his death in that year cannot have been genuine. The official documents of Freemasonry say that in 1785 the French masons chose him as their representative at the great convention that took place in that year, with Mesmer, Saint-Martin, and Cagliostro present. In the following year Saint-Germain was received by the Empress of Russia. Finally, the Comtesse d'Adhemar reports at great length a conversation she had with him in 1789 in the Church of the Recollets, after the taking of the Bastille.
His face looked no older than it had looked thirty years earlier. He said he had come from China and Japan. "There is nothing so strange out there," he said, "as that which is happening here. But I can do nothing. My hands are tied by someone who is stronger than I. There are times when it is possible to draw back; others at which the decree must be carried out as soon as he has pronounced it."
And he told her in broad outlines all the events, not excepting the death of the queen, that were to take place in the years that followed. "The French will play with titles and honors and ribbons like children. They will regard everything as a plaything, even the equipment of the Garde Nationale. There is today a deficit of some forty millions, which is the nominal cause of the Revolution. Well, under the dictatorship of philanthropists and orators the national debt will reach thousands of millions."
"I have seen Saint-Germain again," wrote Comtesse d'Adhemar in 1821, "each time to my amazement. I saw him when the queen was murdered, on the 18th of Brumaire, on the day following the death of the Duke d'Enghien, in January, 1815, and on the eve of the murder of the Duke de Berry."
Mademoiselle de Genlis asserts that she met the Comte de Saint-Germain in 1821 during the negotiations for the Treaty of Vienna; and the Comte de Chalons, who was ambassador in Venice, said he spoke to him there soon afterwards in the Piazza di San Marco. There is other evidence, though less conclusive, of his survival. The Englishman Grosley said he saw him in 1798 in a revolutionary prison; and someone else wrote that he was one of the crowd surrounding the tribunal at which the Princess de Lamballe appeared before her execution.
It seems quite certain that the Comte de Saint-Germain did not die at the place and on the date that history has fixed. He continued an unknown career, of whose end we are ignorant and whose duration seems so long that one's imagination hesitates to admit it.
Secret Societies
Many writers who have studied the French Revolution do not believe in the influence exerted by the Comte de Saint-Germain. It is true that he set up no landmarks for posterity, and even obliterated the traces he had made. He left no arrogant memorial of himself such as a book. He worked for humanity, not for himself. He was modest, the rarest quality in men of intelligence. His only foibles were the harm less affectation of appearing a great deal younger than his age and the pleasure he took in making a ring sparkle. But men are judged only by their own statements and by the merits they attribute to themselves. Only his age and his jewels attracted notice.
Yet the part he played in the spiritual sphere was considerable. He was the architect who drew the plans for a work that is as yet only on the stocks. But he was an architect betrayed by the workmen. He had dreamed of a high tower that should enable man to communicate with heaven, and the workmen preferred to build houses for eating and sleeping.
He influenced Freemasonry and the secret societies, though many modem masons have denied this and have even omitted to mention him as a great source of inspiration. In Vienna he took part in the foundation of the Society of Asiatic Brothers and of the Knights of Light, who studied alchemy; and it was he who gave Mesmer his fundamental ideas on personal magnetism and hypnotism. It is said that he initiated Cagliostro, who visited him on several occasions in Holstein to receive directions from him, though there is no direct evidence for this. The two men were to be far separated from one another by opposite currents and a different fate.
The Comtesse d'Adhemar quotes a letter she received from Saint-Germain in which he says, speaking of his journey to Paris in 1789, "I wished to see the work that that demon of hell, Cagliostro, has prepared." It seems that Cagliostro took part in the preparation of the revolutionary movement, which Saint-Germain tried to check by developing mystical ideas among the most advanced men of the period. He had foreseen the chaos of the last years of the eighteenth century and hoped to give it a turn in the direction of peace by spreading among its future promoters a philosophy that might change them. But he reckoned without the slowness with which the soul of man develops and without the aversion that man brings to the task. And he left out of his calculations the powerful reactions of hatred.
All over the country secret societies sprang up. The new spirit manifested itself in the form of associations. Neither the nobility nor the clergy escaped what had become a fashion. There were even formed lodges for women, and the Princesse de Lamballe became grand mistress of one of them. In Germany there were the Illuminati and the Knights of Strict Observance, and Frederick II, when he came to the throne, founded the sect of the Architects of Africa. In France, the Order of the Templars was reconstituted, and Freemasonry, whose grand master was the Duke de Chartres, increased the number of its lodges in every town. Martinez de Pasqually taught his philosophy at Marseilles, Bordeaux and Toulouse; and Savalette de Lange, with mystics such as Court de Gebelin and Saint-Martin, founded the lodge of the Friends Assembled.
The initiates of these sects understood that they were the depositories of a heritage that they did not know, but whose boundless value they guessed; it was to be found somewhere, perhaps in traditions, perhaps in a book written by a master, perhaps in themselves. They spoke of this revealing word, this hidden treasure it was said to be in the hands of "unknown superiors of these sects, who would one day disclose the wealth which gives freedom and immortality."
It was this immortality of the spirit that Saint-Germain tried to bring to a small group of chosen initiates. He believed that this minority, once it was developed itself, would, in its turn, help to develop another small number, and that a vast spiritual radiation would gradually descend, in beneficent waves, towards the more ignorant masses. It was a sage's dream, which was never to be realized.
Saint-Germain's Philosophy
With the co-operation of Savalette de Lange, who was the nominal head, he founded the group of Philalethes, or truth-lovers, which was recruited from the cream of the Friends Assembled. The Prince of Hesse, Condorcet, and Cagliostro were all members of this group. Saint-Germain expounded his philosophy at Ermenonville and in Paris, in the rue Platriere. It was a Platonic Christianity, which combined Swedenborg's visions with Martinez de Pasqually's theory of reintegration. There were to be found in it Plotinus' emanations and the hierarchy of successive planes described by Hermeticists and modem theosophists. He taught that man has in him infinite possibilities and that, from the practical point of view, he must strive unceasingly to free himself of matter in order to enter into communication with the world of higher intelligences.
He was understood by some. In two great successive assemblies, at which every Masonic lodge in France was represented, the Philalethes attempted the reform of Freemasonry. If they had attained their aim, if they had succeeded in directing the great force of Freemasonry by the prestige of their philosophy, which was sublime and disinterested, it may be that the course of events would have been altered, that the old dream of a world guided by philosopher-initiates would have been realized.
But matters were to turn out differently. Old causes, created by accumulated injustices had paved the way for terrible effects. These effects were in their turn to create the causes of future evil. The chain of evil, linked firmly together by men's egoism and hatred, was not to be broken. The light kindled by a few wise visionaries, a few faithful watchers over the well being of their brothers, was extinguished almost as soon as it was kindled.
Legend of the Eternal Master
Napoleon III, puzzled and interested by what he had heard about the mysterious life of the Comte de Saint-Germain, instructed one of his librarians to search for and collect all that could be found about him in archives and documents of the latter part of the eighteenth century. This was done, and a great number of papers, forming an enormous dossier, was deposited in the library of the prefecture of police. Unfortunately, the Franco-Prussian War and the Commune supervened, and the part of the building in which the dossier was kept was burnt. Thus once again a synchronous accident upheld the ancient law that decrees that the life of the adept must always be surrounded with mystery.
What happened to the Comte de Saint-Germain after 1821, in which year there is evidence that he was still alive? An Englishman, Albert Vandam, in his memoirs, which he calls An Englishman in Paris, speaks of a certain person whom he knew towards the end of Louis Philippe's reign and whose way of life bore a curious resemblance to that of the Comte de Saint-Germain. "He called himself Major Fraser, wrote Vandam, "lived alone and never alluded to his family. Moreover he was lavish with money, though the source of his fortune remained a mystery to everyone. He possessed a marvelous knowledge of all the countries in Europe at all periods. His memory was absolutely incredible and, curiously enough, he often gave his hearers to understand that he had acquired his learning elsewhere than from books. Many is the time he has told me, with a strange smile, that he was certain he had known Nero, had spoken with Dante, and so on."
Like Saint-Germain, Major Fraser had the appearance of a man of between forty and fifty, of middle height and strongly built. The rumor was current that he was the illegitimate son of a Spanish prince. After having been, also like Saint-Germain, a cause of astonishment to Parisian society for a considerable time, he disappeared without leaving a trace. Was it the same Major Fraser who, in 1820, published an account of his journey in the Himalayas, in which he said he had reached Gangotri, the source of the most sacred branch of the Ganges River, and bathed in the source of the Jumna River?
It was at the end of the nineteenth century that the legend of Saint-Germain grew so inordinately. By reason of his knowledge, of the integrity of his life, of his wealth and of the mystery that surrounded him, he might reasonably have been taken for an heir of the first Rosicrucians, for a possessor of the Philosopher's Stone. But the theosophists and a great many occultists regarded him as a master of the great White Lodge of the Himalayas. The legend of these masters is well known. According to it there live in inaccessible lamaseries in Tibet certain wise men who possess the ancient secrets of the lost civilization of Atlantis. Sometimes they send to their imperfect brothers, who are blinded by passions and ignorance, sublime messengers to teach and guide them. Krishna, the Buddha, and Jesus were the greatest of these. But there were many other more obscure messengers, of whom Saint-Germain has been considered to be one.
"This pupil of Hindu and Egyptian hierophants, this holder of the secret knowledge of the East," theosophist Madam Blavatsky says of him, "was not appreciated for who he was. The stupid world has always treated in this way men who, like Saint-Germain, have returned to it after long years of seclusion devoted to study with their hands full of the treasure of esoteric wisdom and with the hope of making the world better, wiser and happier." Between 1880 and 1900 it was admitted among all theosophists, who at that time had become very numerous, particularly in England and America, that the Comte de Saint-Germain was still alive, that he was still engaged in the spiritual development of the West, and that those who sincerely took part in this development had the possibility of meeting him.
The brotherhood of Khe-lan was famous throughout Tibet, and one of their most famous brothers was an Englishman who had arrived one day during the early part of the twentieth century from the West. He spoke every language, including the Tibetan, and knew every art and science, says the tradition. His sanctity and the phenomena produced by him caused him to be proclaimed a Shaberon Master after a residence of but a few years. His memory lives to the present day among the Tibetans, but his real name is a secret with the Shaberons alone. Might not this mysterious traveler be the Comte de Saint-Germain?
But even if he has never come back, even if he is no longer alive and we must relegate to legend the idea that the great Hermetic nobleman is still wandering about the world with his sparkling jewels, his senna tea, and his taste for princesses and queens even so it can be said that he has gained the immortality he sought. For a great number of imaginative and sincere men the Comte de Saint-Germain is more alive than he has ever been. There are men who, when they hear a step on the staircase, think it may perhaps be he, coming to give them advice, to bring them some unexpected philosophical idea. They do not jump up to open the door to their guest, for material barriers do not exist for him. There are men who, when they go to sleep, are pervaded by genuine happiness because they are certain that their spirit, when freed from the body, will be able to hold converse with the master in the luminous haze of the astral world.
The Comte de Saint-Germain is always present with us. There will always be, as there were in the eighteenth century, mysterious doctors, enigmatic travelers, bringers of occult secrets, to perpetuate him. Some will have bathed in the sources of the Ganges, and others will show a talisman found in the pyramids. But they are not necessary. They diminish the range of the mystery by giving it everyday, material form. The Comte de Saint-Germain is immortal, as he always dreamed of being.
____________________________________________________________
Adventurer, alchemist, and diplomat, whose mysterious origin created a legend around him. Comte de Saint Germain was rumored to have lived 2,000 years. The legend of St Germain, "the man who does not die," was born in the mid-1700s. Since then, endless speculations and sightings of the Count after his death has continued. St Germain was also known by such figures as Casanova, Cagliostro, and Horace Walpole. The Russian writer Aleksandr Pushkin (1799-1837) mentions him in the short story 'The Queen of Spades' (1834):
"You have heard of Count St. Germain, about whom so many marvelous stories are told. You know that he represented himself as the Wandering Jew, as the discoverer of the elixir of life, of the philosopher's stone, and so forth. Some laughed at him as a charlatan; but Casanova, in his memoirs, says that he was a spy. But be that as it may, St. Germain, in spite of the mystery surrounding him, was a very fascinating person, and was much sought after in the best circles of society. Even to this day my grandmother retains an affectionate recollection of him, and becomes quite angry if anyone speaks disrespectfully of him." (trans. by T. Keane)
Little is known of Count Saint-Germain's birth. He was said to be descended from an Alsatian Jew, a Portuguese Jew, a tax-gatherer in Rotondo, or the King of Portugal. Saint-Germain himself did not help to elucidate the enigma of his true identity. It has been also alleged, that he was the son of Prince Franz-Leopold Rakoczy (or Ragoczy) of Transylvania (1676-1735), or Juan Tomás Enríquez de Cabrera and Maria Anna von Neuburg (1667-1740), or Marquis de Rivarolo (1669-1749), or Sultan Mustapha II (1664-1703). Later he determined to take the name of Saint-Germain from the little town of San Germano, or from the holy brother, St. Germanus. Whoever he was, he was well educated, and at least for some decades he seemed relatively wealthy.
Saint Germain entered the international scene in a period, which was full of contradictions. The rationalism of the Enlightenment, represented by such writers as Voltaire, Goethe, and Rousseau, was counterbalanced by sentimental and romantic, even reactionary tendencies. Count Alessandro Cagliostro (1743-1795), a celebrated figure in the courts of Europe, was as much charlatan as his detractors alleged. Cagliostoro, whose real name was Guiseppe Balsamo, possibly met St Germain in Sicily. Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772) impressed Queen Louisa Ulrica, sister of Frederick the Great, by delivering a private message from her dead brother. François, Duke of Lorraine married Maria Theresa of Austria, and was the first European prince to publicise his Freemasonic affiliations. Also St Germain was associated with Freemasons. In the imperial palace, François had an alchemical laboratory. And as always, the great public was responsive to fantastic stories. In Germany, the figure of the fabulous Baron Muchhausen created a vogue for tall tales.
St Germain found his most ardent admirers from the arictocratic circles. The serious-minded middle-class viewed him with some disdain, as the English letter-writer and aesthetician Horace Walpole in 1745: "The other day they seized an odd man who goes by the name of Count St Germain. He has been here these two years, and will not tell who he is or whence, but professes that he does not go by his right name. He sings and plays the violin wondefully, is mad, and not very sensible."
At the French court St Germain was seen about 1748. He was was an ordinary looking man of medium height, he had regular features, black hair, and he was apparently a fine conversationalist. "He looks like a Spaniard of high birth," wrote one of his contemporaries. In one painting he has been portrayed wearing a fashionable wig. St German looked in 1743 about forty or forty-five years old, like a man of his age if he was born at the turn of the century. It was said that he spoke German, English, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish very well, and French with a Piedmontese accent. According to some sources, scholars were surprised by his facility in Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, Arabic and Chinese. However, there is no information if he spoke Sanskrit with a Piedmontese accent.
Voltaire's famous statement from 1758 in his ironic letter to Frederick of Prussia, that St Germain is "a man who never dies, and who knows everything," has been often used out of its original context. It is not a declaration of belief in St Germain's immortality. Voltaire says that he has not been told any secrets and refers to St Germain's role in political manouverings - "who will probably have the honour of seeing your Majesty in the course of fifty years."
Madame de Pompadour and of Louis XV were amused by St Germain, although he was accused of being an English spy. He told that he had lived thousands of years and had known even Jesus Christ. However, they must have been aware, that the Bible did not prove or disprove his stories. St Germain was a Catholic. If he believed in the transmigration of the soul, it was a Buddhist doctrine, which also the Pythagoreanists shared, but it seems that he only claimed that he was very old. This did not put him in a collision course with the authorities of the church. Cagliostro, sometimes considered St Germain's pupil, was not so lucky - he was caught by the Inquisition in Rome and sentenced to death. He spent four years in a solitary confinement and died in imprisonment in 1795.
St Germain claimed to possess the secret of eternal youth, one of the two traditional goals of alchemy. St Germain's accounts of his adventures had also connections to the legend of the Wandering Jew, a well known Christian tale. Its first written version was printed in Bologna in 1223. To Madame de Pompadour, mistress of Louis XV, St Germain recounted anecdotes of the court of the Valois as if he had been there an eyewitness. Eventually she become interested in his "elixir of life" and started to use it.
St Germain's diplomatic blunders in the peace negotiation between France and England led him into conflict with the powerful Duc de Choiseul. After escaping to England, he lived in the Netherlands, and possibly in Russia, where Catherine the Great had seized the power. Little is known of his life during the following years - perhaps he went to his home. In some point his paths must have crossed with his countryman, Charles d'Eon de Beaumont, a diplomat, writer, spy, and Freemason, but there is no evidence of joint adventures. D'Eon is often called the patron saint of transvestites. St Germain was seen in France again in 1774. When the minister von Wurmb met St Germain in May 1777 in Lepzig, he estimated that the Count was between 60 and 70 years old.
His last years St Germain lived under the patronage of Prince Charles of Hesse-Cassel in Schleswig, Germany. At that time, he had spent most of his fortune, sold his precious diamonds, and he suffered from rheumatism. St German died on February 27th, 1784, according to the church register of Eckernförde. He was known under the name of Comte de St Germain and Weldon, sometimes written Welldown, Wethlone, Welldone, or Woeldone. His tombstone in Eckenförde read, "He who called himself the Comte de St Germain and Welldone, of whome there is no other information, has been buried in this church." The original manuscript of St Germain's Trinosophia, a work on cabalistic, hermetic, and alchemical mysteries, is in the Bibliotheque de Troyes. 'Sonnet sur la Création,' a modest poem attributed to St Germain, was published in 1795. In 1836 appeared a book of memoir, Souvenirs sur Marie-Antoinette by Comtesse d'Adhémar, which claimed that St Germain was seen in Venice some years after his death. However, the work was a forgery, written by one Lamothe-Langon, whose specialty was to produce forged memoirs. Baron de Gleichen tells in Souvenirs de Charles Henri, baron de Gleichen (1868), that according to his acquaintances, St Germain had in 1710 the appearance of a man of fifty years old. De Gleichen's information is just hearsay.
In Aleksandr Pushkin short story' The Queen of Spades' a young aristocratic woman, Countess Anna Fedorovna, asks St Germain's help - she has lost much money at the card table. St Germain tells her a secret of the cards, which helps her to retrieve her loss completely. She keeps the secret. Decades later a young man becomes obsessed with it, and causes her death. Eventually she returns as a ghost and gets her revenge. The young man loses his reason. Pushkin never met the enigmatic Count, but he knew his legend well and brought another angle to it: St Germain can tell the future. In Rainer Maria Rilke's fictional autobiography, Die Aufzeichnungen des Malte Lauridts Brigge (1910), St Germain is called Marquis von Belmare, who believes in the past: "Aber es gab natuerlich genug, die ihm uebelnahmen, dass er an die Vergangenheit nur glaubte, wenn sie in ihm war. Das konnten sie nicht begreifen, dass der Kram nur Sinn hat, wenn man damit geboren wird." In these works St Germain is only a side character. The American writer Chelsea Quinn Yarbro has written a number of novels, where the Count is the protagonist.
Saint-Germain's knowledge of diamonds, precious stones, and chemistry impressed his contemporaries; his dyeing skills were widely acknowledged. Graf Karl Cobenzl wrote in a letter in 1763, that he saw how St Germain made some experiments, "of which the most important were the transmutation of iron into a metal as beautiful as gold". Without any doubts, the physical goals of alchemy - the elixir of life and the Philosopher's Stone - fascinated deeply St Germain. The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung has argued that alchemy also corresponds to psychology. "What the alchemists called 'matter' was in reality the unconscious self," Jung claimed. Deliberate mystification can be pure bluff to exploit the credulous or projection of unresolved inner tensions. St Germain was secretive about his past, he had several identities, and in his occult studies, he perhaps indirectly searched the truth of himself.
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Caro Conde
Se reparar nos Diamantes, percebe.
Veja os retratos de Cristóvão Colombo, Henrique III de França e Jaime I de Inglaterra, onde todos aparecem com Pregadores no Chapéus.
Repare bem no Diamante Oval dos Pregadores.
Diz-se que terá sido de início um único Diamante Oval, vindo da Índia. Mas desconhece-se em que época.
Consta que pertencera ao construtor do Taj Mahal, que ninguém sabe ao certo quem foi. Até porque o Taj Mahal foi originalmente um Templo O Tejo Mahalaya, segundo se supõe dedicado a Shiva.
Já na Europa, o Sancy, pertenceu ao Duque de Milão, Jean Galleazo di Visconti, e mais tarde ao sobrinho de Dom Pedro de Coimbra, Carlos o Temerário.
Após a morte de Carlos o Temerário, nada se sabe sobre o Sancy, durante 14 anos. Mas súbitamente, em 1491, a Família Hertenstein suge como intermediária da compra de um dos Fragmentos do Sancy:
O Grand Sancy, de 55 Kilates, passa a pertencer ao Rei Dom ManuelI de Portugal.
Do Fragmento menor, mas Perfeito, o Beau Sancy, só se sabe que em 1585, surge, tal como o Grand Sancy, nas mãos de Henrique III, de França que usa o Beau Sancy, como parte de um pregador de chapéu.
Fica claro que após a morte de Carlos O Temerário, alguém mandou dividir o Diamante Oval em Dois.
Quem sabe se terá sido uma divisão simbólica....
O Beau Sancy, é vendido pelo Superintendente Sancy, à Rainha Maria de Médicis, e após a morte desta é adquirido pelo Príncipe Frederico de Nassau e Orange, pasando para o Rei da Prússia, em 1702, permanecendo até hoje na Casa Hoherzollerm.
Já o Grand Sancy, foi vendido por Dom António I de Portugal, para angariar fundos para a Restauração da Independência entregue pela Inquisição Maçónica a Espanha.
A Carta da Transacção consta na TT e faz alusão ao Diamante do Rei de Portugal.
Depois da perda do Grand Sancy, por Dom António, o Diamante passa por Henrique III, por Jaime I de Inglaterra a quem é vendidio por Sancy, e que o usa também como pregador de Chapéu.
É nesta altura que é lapidado em Dupla Rosa - O Espelho.
Mas O Espelho vai mais tarde parar ás mãos do Cardeal Mazarino, que o deixa por morte a Luis XV.
Após o assassinato de Luis XVI, o Directório penhora-o ao Marquês de Aranda, passando depois para Manuel Godoy, aquele a quem Napoleão ía dar 1/3 de Portugal!
O Grand Sancy, passou sucessivamente pelo Príncipe Davidoff, por um Mercador de Bombaim, que o vendeu ao Marajá de Patiala, e em 1905 passou para as mãos do americano nobilitado, O Visconde de Astor.
Em 1976, dois anos após o 25 de Abril, a família Astor, vendeu, segundo se diz, o Grande Sancy ao Governo Francês, que o mandou expôr no Louvre, suponho que para condizer com a pavorosa Pirâmide de Vidro Maçónico, de Miterrand.
Caro Conde, tem todos os dados.
Recorde que Luis XV, tratava o Conde Saint Germain por Primo, e que Saint Germain lhe corrigiu o defeito de um Diamante Imperfeito.
E não se esqueça que o Beau Sancy, O Diamante Perfeito, está desde 1702 na Casa Hoherzollerm.
O Grande e O Belo.
O Grande, está no Louvre!
O Belo está na Alemanha!
Olhe bem para o Pregador do Chapéu de Cristóvão Colombo, e para o de Jaime I.
E veja o semblante sempre jovem de Dom Pedro de Coimbra.
O Grande.
E o Belo.
Dois pedaços de Eternidade. Um Perfeito. O outro com uma falha.
As mãos cansadadas de Saint Germain, vencidas por alguém mais poderoso.
Melhores Cumprimentos
Airmid
Airmid
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Caríssima Airmid,
Fico-lhe grato e, ademais, impressionado com todo seu conhecimento e cultura.
Na verdade, como disse, eu conhecia considerável parte dessas informações, mas jamais estabelecera um cronologia com ações e factos diretamente ligados entre si e que, ainda, estivessem assim imersos numa aura de mistério.
Terá esse diamante alguma ligação com o "le bleu de France", apelidade de o "Olho de Deus"? Veja: http://www.noblesseetroyautes.com/nr01/?p=35716
Usado na insignia do Tosão de Ouro de Luís XV: http://www.noblesseetroyautes.com/nr01/?p=35661
Mais em: http://members2.boardhost.com/royal-jewels/msg/1278233487.html
Muito grato pela atenção, deferência e explicação, recebas os cumprimentos de,
Granada
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Caro Conde
O Toison d´Or de Luís XV foi roubado durante a Revolução Francesa. Aliás, o roubo é um dos motivos das Revoluções!
Mas curiosamente, aparece pendurado em Godoy, um Toison d´Or, que se diz teria o Grand Sancy como pedra principal.
Os franceses têm por aí uma réplica do Toison de Luís XV, e todos estão convencidos que o diamante do Toison é o Hope, que está no Smithsonian.
Diz-se que foi talhado de novo, sendo destruído o seu grande valor já que seria um Diamante Oval com Sete Faces, o que é considerado muito raro.
Mas terá sido?
E se o Hope, é apenas o Hope?
E nada tem a vêr com o Diamante Oval de Sete Faces?
E se o Diamante Oval do Rei de Portugal, que fora de Cristóvão Colombo, nunca foi relapidado?
Em 1491, cerca de um ano antes de Cristóvão Colombo partir para a América, o Diamante Oval, passa para as mãos do Rei D. Manuel, e parte mais tarde com Dom António I.
Será que Saint Germain troca o Diamante de Dom António, pelo Regente, que passa a fazer parte da Flor de Lys da Coroa de Luis XV, e o Diamante Oval é o centro do Toison d´Or?
É que o Pendente do chapéu de Jaime I e o Pendente da boina de Cristóvão Colombo são iguais. E não deveriam ser, se o Diamante tivesse sido dividido em dois, após a morte de Carlos o Temerário.
E se Jaime I, não tivesse mandado relapidar o Diamente oval em Dupla Rosa, como alguns Dizem?
Eu não tenho sobre este assunto nenhum conhecimento particular, apenas fiz uma perquisa na Net.
Mas há quem afirme que o Diamante do Rei de Portugal, pertence hoje à Coroa Inglesa. Camilo Castelo Branco refere-se a esse facto.
Será que Matilde levou o Diamante quando deixou Davidoff? Não creio!
Será que o Diamante Oval, não pertenceu também a Catarina A Grande?
Quem deixa Saint Germain, tão abalado?
O mais interessante nesta História, é que todos os Diamantes famosos, como o Orloff, o Diamante do Rei de Portugal, O Regente, ou o Hope, ou o famoso Kho-i-Noor,Tem na sua origem uma história de roubo de um Templo.
Todos seriam o Olho de um Deus, ou Deusa.
Demasiada coincidência, quando quase todas as pedras em questão desapareceram, ou foram relapidades, se é que são as mesmas....
Aguardo os seus esclarecimentos sobre esta fascinante questão, na esperânça que se dê ao trabalho de procurar o Retrato de Colombo.
Melhores Cumprimentos
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Cara Airmid,
Procurei bastante pelo retrato de Colombo. No Google Imagens, procurei por Cristóvão Colombo, Cristóbal Colón, Christopher Columbus (e Colon), enfim, mas, o único que parece ter uma pedra é como adorno é esse: http://www.biography.com/bio4kids/bio4kids_episode_guide.jsp?episode=190902 Há ainda esse, já envelhecido: http://jspivey.wikispaces.com/file/view/Christopher_Columbus_Face.jpg/31620111/Christopher_Columbus_Face.jpg E esse http://ushistoryimages.com/images/christopher-columbus/fullsize/christopher-columbus-4.jpg que parece ser mais recente e, por fim, os dois mais conhecidos e divulgados: http://listentoleon.net/wp/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/christopher-columbus.jpg e http://www.washoe.k12.nv.us/americanhistory/elementary/si_09/tilzey_l/itsabigbigworld_clip_image001_0000.jpg
Poderia mandar-me o link do retrato?
Uma coisa é certa, todas as versões divergem entre si, e divergem absurdamente, pois temos desde um Colombo com feições mediterrânicas a um tanto quanto germânico. É estranho.
Sim, concordo plena e absolutamente: mistérios não faltam às pedras, principalmente às pertencentes aos poderosos.
___________________________________________
Na Wikipédia acha-se:
- Koh-i-Noor -
A história do Koh-í-noor - nome que significa Montanha de Luz - é repleta de mistérios. Uma das crenças diz que o Koh-í-noor traz azar e até mesmo a morte aos homens que o possuem, sendo inofensivo às mulheres.
Seus registros datam de 1304, porém alguns acreditam que a pedra foi encontrada há mais de cinco mil anos, a se levar em conta alguns textos religiosos hindus.
Em 1304, o diamante foi mencionado nos relatos de Babur, fundador do Império Mogul (ou Mogol ou Dinastia Mughal). Segundo esses registros, o diamante pesava 793 quilates e após ser lapidado e polido por um joalheiro chamado Borgio, seu tamanho final ficou em 186 quilates. Ainda insatisfeito, o imperador mogul à época teria condenado Borgio à morte.
Acredita-se também que o diamante possa ter estado engastado no famoso trono de pavão do Xá Jehan (que mandou construir o Taj Mahal) como um dos olhos do pavão.
Apesar de nunca ter sido vendido, o Montanha de Luz passou por vários donos. Em 1850, quando a Grã-Bretanha anexou a Índia ao Império, e a Rainha Vitória foi declarada Imperatriz da Índia, ela recebeu o Koh-í-noor das mãos de Lorde Dalhousie.
Atualmente essa célebre pedra preciosa pesa 108,8 quilates. Depois de lapidada pelos joalheiros da Casa Real Inglesa, tornou-se brilhantíssima ao perder 40% de seu volume inicial.
- Hope -
História
O primeiro registo histórico do diamante Hope surge por volta de 1660, quando o mercador francês Jean-Baptiste Tavernier o adquiriu durante as suas viagens na Índia. A pedra tinha então cerca de 112 quilates e estava lapidada em forma de triângulo. O diamante é originário da mina de Kollur e, de acordo com a lenda, foi roubado de um templo hindu dedicado à deusa Sita, onde estava encastrado numa estátua, representando um dos olhos da divindade.
Em 1668, Tavernier vendeu o diamante ao rei Luís XIV de França. A pedra foi entregue ao joalheiro da corte, Sieur Pitau, que a cortou e lapidou de acordo com o gosto da corte francesa. O diamante passou a pesar cerca de 67 quilates e ficou conhecido como o Diamante Azul da Coroa. Luís XIV costumava usá-lo ao pescoço em ocasiões solenes, suspenso numa fita e encastrado em ouro. O seu bisneto, Luís XV, readaptou a pedra para fazer parte do seu pendente da Ordem do Tosão de Ouro. Mais tarde, Luís XVI ofereceu a pedra a Maria Antonieta, por ocasião do seu casamento. Durante a Revolução Francesa, já com o rei e a rainha na prisão, as jóias da coroa desapareceram num roubo efetuado a 11 de Setembro de 1792. O diamante azul desapareceu também, e o seu paradeiro é incerto nos anos seguintes.
Em 1812, o diamante reaparece na posse de Daniel Eliason, um mercador de jóias londrino. A identidade da pedra foi disputada até se confirmar, em 2005, que era de facto o diamante azul francês, desaparecido durante a revolução. Apesar de se supôr habitualmente que a pedra foi adquirida pelo rei Jorge IV do Reino Unido, não há registros da compra nos arquivos da contabilidade real.
O dono seguinte do diamante foi Henry Philip Hope, que o adquiriu em 1824 para a sua coleção de pedras preciosas. A partir desta data, a pedra passa a ser conhecida como diamante Hope. O diamante foi adaptado como um pregador, usado pela cunhada de Hope em ocasiões sociais. Após a morte de Henry Philip em 1839, os seus sobrinhos lutaram pela herança em tribunal durante dez anos, até a coleção de gemas ser por fim concedida a Henry Hope. O diamante passava a maior parte do tempo guardado num cofre, mas foi exibido na Great Exhibition de Londres (1851) e na Exposição Universal de Paris (1855). O diamante Hope permaneceu na posse da família até 1901, quando foi vendido a um joalheiro londrino por 29,000 libras, para pagar as dívidas de Francis Hope. Após várias mudanças de dono e cortes, que incluíram Pierre Cartier e a socialite estado-unidense Evalyn MacLean (que por vezes o pregava à coleira dos seus cães), o diamante Hope foi adquirido por Harry Winston em 1949, por uma soma desconhecida. Winston incluiu o diamante numa coleção de outras pedras preciosas famosas que exibia para fins de caridade. Em 1958, Harry Winston doou o diamante ao Instituto Smithsonian.
Maldição
A lenda da maldição do diamante Hope nasceu no início do século XX e foi criada por May Yohe, uma atriz estado-unidense que fora casada com Lorde Francis Hope e que fugira para a Austrália com o amante. A vida não lhe correu bem e, de regresso aos Estados Unidos, procurou vender a história da maldição a produtores de cinema de Hollywood. A história do diamante transformou-se num filme, que incluía diversas liberdades criativas como a atribuição da morte de Marat à maldição e, possivelmente, à origem da lenda do roubo do templo Hindu. Desde então, diversos infortúnios têm sido atribuídos ao diamante, como o destino de Luís XVI e Maria Antonieta (que acabaram guilhotinados na Revolução Francesa), a suposta morte de Tavernier devorado por lobos (que de facto morreu de causas naturais), a loucura de Jorge IV ou a morte de Catarina, a Grande (que nunca possuíram o diamante).
___________________________________________
Quanto à pedras, já ouviu falar do rubi "Príncipe Negro", cravado na Coroa Britânica?http://www.atelierheraldico.com.br/heraldica/3_3_imgcoroas_ru.htm
Faça uma busca no Google por "rubi Príncipe Negro"... A história é, deveras, interessante.
Melhores cumprimentos,
Granada
Direct link:
Library of Congress - Prints & Photographs Reading Room - Prints & Photographs Online Catalo
Na Livraria do Congresso há coisas interessantes…
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/search?q=Christopher%20Columbus
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/search/?q=Christopher+Columbus&sp=2
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/91783853/
(NESTA AQUI ESCONDE A JÓIA…)
Na Wiki Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro parece ser o único que mostra jóias:
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pedro_Nu%C3%B1o_Col%C3%B3n_de_Portugal.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PedroNugnoColondePortugal.jpg
(ESTA TEM PEDRAS PRECIOSAS)
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Columbus
http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Christoph+Kolumbus&button=
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hernando_Col%C3%B3n.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cristobal_Col%C3%B3n_en_el_Muelle_de_las_Carabelas.jpg
Cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Caro Conde
Caro José Manuel
Não é nenhum desses Colombos.
Não´me refiro a nenhum chapéu de três bicos, do tipo jacobino, mas sim a uma espécie de Boina preta com um Pregador com um Diamante Oval, pendente.
É o retrato de Colombo, que o Jornalista Pedro Castanheira usou para Capa do seu livro.
Cumprimentos
Airmid
P.S. Aquilo que o Pedro Nunes Colon e Portugal usa, é um Toison d´Or?
Bem me parecia...
Direct link:
RE: Le comte de Saint Germain (livro de Richard Khaitzine)
Cara Airmid,
Vou ver se encontro. Com uma pesquisa mais apurada na internet, talvez se ache.
Sim. É o grão-colar do Tosão de Ouro. O confrade José Manuel se enganou. Nenhuma dessas pinturas mostra alguma jóia, ao menos evidente.
Receba os sinceros cumprimentos de,
Granada
P.S. ¡Viva España! ¡Viva la Furia! ¡Honor y gloria a nuestros héroes! ¡España es el Campeón del Mundo!
P.P.S. Não me leve a mal. É apenas comemoração pública. Lembra, tenho dupla-nacionalidade, a brasileira e a espanhola, e preciso comemorar... (Mas, também torci pela seleção portuguesa). É que lembrei-me que costuma chamar-nos de "espanholada." E dou-lhe alguma razão. Sempre, desde os Trastámara, passando pelos Áustrias e até os Bourbon, quiseram anexar Portugal à Hispania.
Direct link:
RE: Library of Congress - Prints & Photographs Reading Room - Prints & Photographs Online Catalo
Caro confrade José Manuel,
De fato, coisas interessantíssimas. Muitas mais versões e retratos do enigmático Colombo!
Como disse a confrade Airmid, no caso, a jóia é o grão-colar da Ordem do Tosão de Ouro, do ramo espanhol, naturalmente.
Fico-lhe grato pela gentileza de dar-se ao trabalho de, além de ajudar com a bibliografia, pesquisar e postar tantos links.
Respeitosa e cordialmente,
Granada
Direct link:
RE: Library of Congress - Prints & Photographs Reading Room - Prints & Photographs Online Catalo
Caro Conde,
Eu andava também à procura de uma imagem de Colombo que foi retirada da Wiki inglesa, tinha um grande turbante Turco ou Árabe atribuída a Colombo, desapareceu sem deixar rastos, era um Colombo Árabe.
Ao dispor, cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
Toison d'or
Cara Aimid,
Sim é o Toison d'or (mas os B são diferentes do original) no retrato do Viceroy Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PedroNugnoColondePortugal.jpg , pode ser o carneiro que um dos Colombos esconde com a mão na outra imagem ?.
Desta lenda dos Argonautas da mitologia grega ligada ao Toison d'or está o Bosphore e Dardanelles estreitos com forte simbolismo pré Dilúvio, foi encontrado o que parece ser um resto dum barco no Mar Negro mas ainda não encontraram o carneiro de ouro.
Ao dispor, cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Liste des chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'or
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_chevaliers_de_l%27ordre_de_la_Toison_d%27or
Direct link:
RE: Toison d'or
Caro José Manuel,
Nesse retrato, a mão esquerda segura um bastão e a direita (adornada por um anel) um lenço.
Verdade, os Bs estão invertidos.
Cumprimentos,
Granada
Direct link:
RE: Toison d'or (List of Knights of the Golden Fleece)
P. S.
É uma pista interessante e aqui está mais completa:
List of Knights of the Golden Fleece
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Knights_of_the_Golden_Fleece
Ao dispor, cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
... (O confrade José Manuel se enganou. Nenhuma dessas pinturas mostra alguma jóia, ao menos evidente [Autor: Conde de Granada])
Não me enganei coisa nenhuma, a Livraria do Congresso dos USA é talvez a mais completa no mundo sobre este tema.
A sua jóia está aqui, eu só forneci os sites e primeira página para procurarem, e eram oito páginas.
Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3a00000/3a06000/3a06600/3a06619r.jpg
Title: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella / drawn by John Gilbert.
Date Created/Published: 1868.
Medium: 1 print : wood engraving.
Summary: Illustration shows Christopher Columbus pointing to a spot on a map while Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain look on.
Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-3035 (b&w film copy neg.)
Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
Call Number: Illus. in AP2.H32 1868 (Case Y) [P&P]
Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
Notes:
* Illus. in: Harper's weekly, v. XII, no. 596 (1868 May 30), cover.
* Title from item.
Ao dispor, cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Caro confrade José Manuel,
Mas, nessa figura, os únicos que portam jóias são os Reis Católicos... Colombo, com a barba gigantesca, que é o que aponta para o mapa, não aparenta portar quaisquer adornos, não?
Sou eu quem lhe fica grato pela ajuda.
Saudações,
Granada.
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
... (os únicos que portam jóias são os Reis Católicos... Colombo, com a barba gigantesca, que é o que aponta para o mapa, não aparenta portar quaisquer adornos, não?)
Sim é verdade.
Foi à procura de chapéus com jóias onde andassem Colombos por sugestão de:
“Pregadores no Chapéus” [Autor: AIRMID]
http://www.geneall.net/P/forum_msg.php?id=258291#lista
e o Conde pediu a ver retratos de Colombo, foi isso que forneci a monte, não foi mais longe pois não defendo nenhuma teoria sobre o assunto.
Dão demasiada importância a personagem de Colombo que para mim é um simples pião num tabuleiro de Xadrez cujo jogo ainda não acabou...
Cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Caro José Manuel,
Eu não defendo nenhuma teoria específica com relação a Colombo, por vários motivos: 1º Não tenho suficiente conhecimento acerca do assunto para ter a mínima pretenção de propalar essa ou aquela teoria acerca de Colombo, pois dele apenas sei aquilo que aprendi nos bancos da faculdade e o que li durante esses anos. Apenas gosto e tenho interesse acerca do mesmo, mas, ainda assim, não tenho nem parcela do conhecimento que possui a confrada Airmid bem como outros que aqui debatem esse assunto; 2º Apenas estava tentando entender a história e, cheio de curiosidade (coisa que me é congênita), desatei a tentar compreender melhor a já acima referida questão.
Mas, mesmo assim, sou-lhe grato pela gentileza de ajudar-nos.
Receba os cumprimentos do servidor,
Granada
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Este Fórum está quase a bater no fundo.
Acabem com disparates exotéricos e maluqueiras pré diluvianas.
Isto é um Fórum de GENEALOGIA.
Algum de vocês já entrou na T.T. ou foi a um arquivo ver quem era o trisavô?
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Pois é um Fórum de Genealogia, mas veja estas aberrações!!!
http://www.geneall.net/P/per_page.php?id=357087
http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=52950
É para que se torne num verdadeiro Fórum de Genealogia que eu me bato aqui à quase 7 anos!!!
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Então deixe de se bater que isto melhora. Você é mais um que faz disto um circo
ReplyDirect link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Quem não gosta não come, mete na borda do prato!!!
ReplyDirect link:
RE: O Meu Reino por um DIAMANTE!
Caro José Manuel
É esse Diamante. O Diamante Oval! Já são dois retratos de Colombo com o mesmo Pregador de Chapéu.
Eu tinha procurado em todas as páginas, mas não devo ter visto bem.
Caro Conde, o Velho das Barbas nunca pode ser Colombo, que era um homem jovem nessa época. Será possivelmente Frei Fernando de Talavera, O Prior do Prado,apoiante de Colombo, e confessor de Isabel, a Católica.
Fernando de Aragão não entra neste retrato. Entra noutro.
Os Americanos são mesmo muito burros. Ou então estão convencidos que todos os outros são cegos.
Agora, a 1ª questão é:
Onde está o Diamante Oval do Rei Dom António I, que o herdou de Cristóvão Colombo?
A 2ª questão é:
De quem herdou Cristóvão Colombo, o Diamante Oval?
E a 3ª questão é:
Qual é o nome actual do Diamante Oval, que tinha Sete Faces, e Cinco Quinas?
Melhores Cumprimentos
Airmid
Direct link:
The Berruguete Portrait (ca. 1500?), supposed to show Columbus
The Berruguete Portrait (ca. 1500?), supposed to show Columbus
http://columbus.vanderkrogt.net/texts/portraits/berruguete.html
Direct link:
Mestre do Templo cunhado do 1º Mestre do Toison d'or
Caros Confrades,
O Toison d'or foi criado pelo cunhado do Mestre do Templo no dia do seu casamento com esta senhora que era filha de dois membros da Ordem da Jarreteira e irmã de três membros da Ordem da Jarreteira
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanta_Isabella_of_Portugal,_Duchess_of_Burgundy
Direct link:
RE: O Meu Reino por um DIAMANTE!
Olá,
Colombos carecas de barba envelhecidos encontrei dois:
http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/PF_New/92008/2988264.jpg
E aqui vê-se melhor a imagem colorida do jornal americano, original é a preto e branco, a imagem de Colombo feita por John Gilbert em 1868 e publicada no;
[Vol. XII, - No. 596.] New York, Saturday, May 30, 1868
Illustration shows Christopher Columbus pointing to a spot on a map while Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain look on
http://imagesource5d.allposters.com/watermarker/22-2246-S7EZD00Z.jpg?ch=894&cw=670
Eu ampliei e dá para ver melhor e sãos os Reis Católicos em gravura dos USA de 1868 …
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_H3hPB3_DZTE/TDvH-VlZOGI/AAAAAAAAAWo/chLU595luIQ/s1600/King+Ferdinand+and+Queen+Isabella.JPG
Mas ainda tenho umas dez páginas a consultar, Colombos há muitos, e eu procuro um que perdi que é tipo Árabe (mediterrânico com turbante) estava na página da Wiki inglesa sobre Colombo.
Ao dispor, cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
RE: Columbus explaining his discovery to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Caro José Maria
Não responda a provocações!
Em vez disso, lembre-se que Dom Jaime de Coimbra, a quem também chamam Jacobus, foi Cavaleiro do Toison d´Or.
Nesse retrato póstumo de Colombo, que figura no Geneall, o pintor pintou um pregador no chapéu de Colombo, mas como Ghirllandaio desconhecia a importância do pregador, e nem sabia que o Diamante Oval era fundamental nesta História, mas sabia que Colombo usava um pregador, pintou um falso a meio do chapéu, e não de lado, como se usavam os pregadores. Ghirlandaio. pinta assim um pregador a condizer com a falsa identidade que atribuiram a Colombo.
Alguém vai ter que encontrar o Diamante Oval!
Saudações
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: The Berruguete Portrait (ca. 1500?), supposed to show Columbus
Caro Colombo-o-novo
E consta, que o Diamante Oval, o que foi de Dom António I, por herança de Cristóvão Colombo, pertenceu a Carlos o Temerário, filho da Infanta Isabel, irmã de Dom Pedro de Coimbra, e do tal Mestre do Templo, Felipe, O Bom, Duque de Borgonha.
Mas convenhamos que Berruguete se esmerou, porque além do Diamente Oval, a pedra que forma o centro do Pregador, também tem uma belíssima imagem.
Riquíssimos e Nobilitados, esses tecelões Genoveses, Domenico Colombo e Susana Fontanarossa!
Não era qualquer um, que se aproximava do Diamante de Sete Faces e Cinco Quinas, que pertencera a Lord Shiva.
Cumprimentos
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: O Meu Reino por um DIAMANTE!
Caro José Manuel
Não dê ouvidos aos Ingleses e aos Americanos.
Os Ingleses apregoam que têm o Rubi Principe Negro na Coroa da Rainha, mas o Rubi é apenas uma linda Espinela.
E os Americanos, esses nem sabem quem são, quanto mais qual era a fisionomia de Colombo.
Então Cristóvão Colombo, Fernando de Aragão e Isabel a Católica, tinham sensivelmente a mesma idade, e Colombo no retrato era o Velho de Barbas, com aspecto de Afonso V!
Francamente!
E Isabel é retratada de Coroa, e Fernando de Boina com Pregador....
Silly People!
O retrato até está bem, as figuras é que estão erradamente identificadas.
Fernando de Aragão não consta, o Homem de Boina e Pregador com um Diamante Oval Azul,pendente, é Cristóvão Colombo.
O Diamante Oval, é que é mais difícil de encontrar, no meio de tanta fraude!
E olhe lá para o retrato de Colombo, de Berruguete, que o conheceu, e veja se tem cara de Àrabe Mediterrânico.
Árabes louros de olhos claros, só os da Pérsia Antiga, os Nasr, Nunca os da Mauritânia, que eram Mouros.
Melhores Cumprimentos
Airmid
Direct link:
RE: O Meu Reino por um DIAMANTE!
Confrada Airmid,
Seguem dois links interessantes acerca do Sancy:
http://www.thesancydiamond.com/NewFacts.htm
http://leopoldina-flores.blogspot.com/2009/05/o-diamante-sancy.html
Melhores cumprimentos,
Granada
Direct link:
RE. Diamante de Sete Faces e Cinco Quinas
A Airmid perde o seu tempo com isto pois as pedras preciosas foram desmontadas das jóias originais e relapidadas, mas a "pele do carneiro de ouro" é um assunto muito interessante, pena que lhe cortaram as asas iniciais e já não voa, como assim o homem pôs fim às mitologias zangado e ferido no seu ego por ter vivido com os Deuses, talvez fartos dos homens os abandonaram, andam agora a estudar a genealogia dos seus antepassados mas ai de quem se atreva a ir ao topo da Arvore Genealógica….
Le diamant bleu des Wittelsbach, une pierre à succès
http://www.lamanchette.com/?p=29
(Le Wittelsbach lui-même a échappé de fort peu à une retaille en 1962 grace à la vigilance de Joseph Komkommer et de son fils Jacques, qui ont formellement identifié le joyau alors disparu et ont constitué un consortium de passionnés pour le racheter)
Le Diamant Vert de Dresde
http://www.lamanchette.com/?p=23
The Dresden Green
http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/dresdengreendiamond.html
(tem um Golden Fleece … )
Famous, Historic and Notable Diamonds
http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/famousdiamonds.html
Mas estes "estudos" custam dinheiro pois as fontes são onerosos como o interessante catálogo da Christie's a 425 dólares dos USA:
RARE CHRISTIE'S Wittelsbach Blue Diamond Catalog Royal
http://cgi.ebay.com/RARE-CHRISTIES-Wittelsbach-Blue-Diamond-Catalog-Royal-/300429233750
Ao dispor, cumprimentos,
José Manuel CH-GE
Direct link:
RE: The Berruguete Portrait (ca. 1500?), supposed to show Columbus
Caro confrade,
Retrato deveras interessante. Possivelmente, uma das poucas imagens de Colombo mais próximas da realidade, senão a verdadeira. O pintor, Berruguete, foi contemporâneo de Cristóvão, sendo apenas um ano mais velho, mas tendo falecido dois anos antes do "Descobridor."
Cordialmente,
Granada
Direct link:
RE: RE. Diamante de Sete Faces e Cinco Quinas
Caro José Manuel
Lá que têm sido espatifados, é um facto.
Mas que podem ser identificados, isso podem.
Os Diamantes são um pouco como nós. Únicos.
Têm um código, um DNA, chamemos-lhe assim, que são o conjunto de parâmetros mineralógicos, que identificam a proveniência do Diamante.
Assim sendo, basta analisar os referidos Diamantes Azuis, e confirmar qual deles pertence à lista de Diamantes de Dona Beatriz, a Madre.
A lista era vasta, mas a Madre tinha várias Minas de Diamantes, portanto é lógico que possuísse várias Pedras. De diferentes origens, claro!
Saudações
Airmid
Direct link:
Forum messages ordered by date
L' heure présentée corrrespond au GMT. Heure actuelle: 14 nov. 2024, 20:57